Indian

To allow the opposing king a flight, a line-piece moves across a critical square so that a second unit can temporarily occupy that square and thereby create a shut-off (subsequently moving away from the critical square).

Substitution Indian. Similar to the standard Indian maneuver, but after the king utilizes the interference, an additional piece enters the line. This allows the first interfering piece to withdraw while the interference remains in effect. This replacement is referred to as normal, conventional, or standard substitution. Later in the sequence, the new interfering piece departs, opening the line (= Substitution Indian), or the long-range piece that initially performed the critical move captures the new interfering piece (= Substitution Maslar).

Capture Indian. Similar to the standard Indian maneuver, but after the interference is utilized, the first interfering piece is captured by another piece. The line is then opened either by the withdrawal of this new piece (= Capture Indian) or by the long-range piece capturing the new interfering piece (= Capture Maslar). The Capture Indian can also be interpreted as a Substitution Indian with "quick" substitution (entering and leaving the line in a single move!).

The term Substitution Indian introduced by Rolf Wiehagen (Germany, *1947) in 2007 (see "Der vierte Stein” in Die Schwalbe 224, April 2007, p. 106). The definition comes from Eckart Kummer (Germany, *1969), who further explored the theme in his article "Hilfsmatterei (4)" in Die Schwalbe 253, February 2012, p. 399.

See also: Critical move; Maslar theme; Cheney-Loyd theme.

Alias: Helpmate Indian theme.

Loyd, Samuel

The Chess Monthly, 1860 (v)

Example: Indian
h#3  (3+2)

1.Kf6 Ra8 2.Kg7 Bb8 3.Kh8 Be5#

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FEN: 6R1/7q/8/5k2/3K1B2/8/8/8

External links:

Ebert, Hilmar

Maslar, Zdravko

diagrammes, 1980

Spec. Prize

Example: Indian
h#5  (3+2)

1.Ke7 Be1 2.Kd6 Kd2 3.Kc5 Bd1 4.Kb4 Kc2+ 5.Ka4 Kb2#

Indian (x2)

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FEN: 5k2/8/8/Bp6/8/1B6/2K5/8

External links:

Laurent, Marcel

Waldstein, Néandre

Themes-64, 1970

Example: Indian
h#4  (5+3)

1.Rh4 Bg2 2.Sf4 f3 3.Kd5 Kb4 4.Se6+ f4#

White Indian + Black Indian.

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FEN: 8/8/2B5/2k1P3/4r3/1KPn4/5P2/8

External links:

Wikstrom, Elof

Tidskrift för Schack, 1964

Example: Indian
h#4  (3+4)

1.Qa1 Bh8 2.Qe5 Se8 3.Kd4 Sg7 4.Qd5 Se6#

Indian (substitution, wbw)

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FEN: 8/8/3N4/3k4/2r1p3/8/1B2K3/7q

External links:

Paliulionis, Viktoras

Maroc Echecs, 2019

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#5*  (3+2)

1...Bd4 2.Kc4 Bh8+ 3.Kd5 Kg7 4.f5 Rd4+ 5.Ke5 Kf7#

1.Kc2 Re8 2.Kd3 Be7 3.Ke4 Bf8+ 4.Kf5 Re5+ 5.Kf6 Bg7#

Indian (x2).

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FEN: 8/5p1K/5B2/8/4R3/1k6/8/8

External links:

Meinking, Dan

Wiehagen, Rolf

F. Abdurahmanovic-60 JT, StrateGems, 2000

2nd Prize

Example: Indian
h#4.5 2.1... (4+9)

1...Re2 2.Kc4 Rxa2+ 3.Kb3 Rf2 4.Bb1 Be2 5.Ka2 Bc4#
1...Be2 2.Ke4 Bxg4+ 3.Kf4 Bd1 4.g5 Re2 5.Kg4 Re4#

Indian (x2).

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FEN: 8/8/6p1/3knb2/6p1/p5p1/p5P1/r3RB1K

External links:

Rehm, Hans Peter

Schach-Echo, 1988

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#7  (3+11)

1.Bh5 Kc1 2.Kg4 Kd1 3.Kh4+ Ke1 4.Bd1 Kf2 5.Se2 Kf3 6.Sg3+ Kf4 7.Bh5 hxg3#

Black Indian (x2).

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FEN: 8/2p3p1/2p3p1/3p1k2/3p1n2/3p3p/3P3P/1K1b4

External links:

Abdurahmanović, Fadil

Ellinghoven, Bernd

idee & form, 2000

2nd Prize

Example: Indian
h#5  (2+4)

1.Ba2 Sb3 2.Kf8 Kxe6 3.e1=R+ Kf6 4.Re8 Sc5 5.Bg8 Sd7#

Bicolor Indian.

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FEN: 8/5k2/4p3/3bK3/3N4/8/4p3/8

External links:

Paliulionis, Viktoras

Die Schwalbe, 1988

Comm.

Example: Indian
h#6  (2+4)

1.Ba8 Bb7 2.Rh2 Kd7 3.g3 Bc8 4.Kg2 Ke6 5.Kh3 Kf5 6.Bg2 Kg5#

Pericritical Indian.

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FEN: 2K5/8/8/8/6p1/8/3r2b1/5k1B

External links:

Koludrovic, Branko

The Problemist, 1986

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#7  (2+6)

1.Bg3 Be7 2.Kf4 Kb8 3.Bh3 Kc7 4.Kg4+ Kd7 5.g5 Ke6 6.Kh4+ Kf6 7.g4 Kg6#

Indian (black, incomplete) × 2
Indian (substitution, wbw)

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FEN: K1b5/1nb5/6p1/n7/6kB/8/8/8

External links:

Takács, Péter

Ébersz, Kornél

Magyar Sakkvilág, 1934

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#5  (3+3)

1.Kd7 Bb1 2.Ke6 Rc2 3.Kf5 Rc3+ 4.Kg4 Bd3 5.Kh3 Bf5#

Indian (white)
Indian (white, pericritical)

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FEN: 2k5/7B/8/3p4/7n/8/5R2/7K

External links:

Paliulionis, Viktoras

harmonie-aktiv, 2013

1st HM

Example: Indian
h#10.5  (2+4)

1...Bc2 2.d5 Bg6 3.Re7 Be8 4.Re1 Kc7 5.Kf3 Kd6 6.Ke2 Ke5 7.Kd1+ Kd4 8.Qe2 Kc3 9.d4+ Kb3 10.d3 Ba4 11.d2 Kb2#

Pericritical Indian.

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FEN: 2K5/1r1p4/8/1q6/B5k1/8/8/8

External links:

Abdurahmanović, Fadil

Ellinghoven, Bernd

The Problemist, 2000

3rd Comm.

Example: Indian
h#5.5  (3+11)

1...Bh4 2.Bh2 g3 3.Kc7 Kf4 4.Bxg3+ Kg5 5.Kd8 Kf6 6.Bc7 Kf7#

Indian and Black-White Maslar.

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FEN: 1kqB4/1nbb4/1p6/1p6/1p4p1/2n1K3/6P1/3r4

External links:

Abdurahmanović, Fadil

Ellinghoven, Bernd

Orbit, 2000

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#5.5  (2+6)

1...Ba3 2.Sf6 Bc1 3.Rdd8 Bg5 4.Kd6 Kd4 5.Ke7+ Ke5 6.Rd7 Bxf6#

Black Indian and peri-critical Maslar.

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FEN: 4rn2/3n1p2/8/2B1k3/3r4/2K5/8/8

External links:

Parrinello, Mario

1st FIDE World Cup, 2010

1st Prize

Example: Indian
h#6  (2+15)

1.Bf6 Bxc5 2.Be5 Bf8 3.Bd6 Kxg7 4.Kb4 Kf6 5.Be7+ Kxe7 6.Kc5 Kd7#

Indian (substitution, wbw).

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FEN: 3n1B1K/1p2b1p1/1p6/kppb2n1/2pr2r1/2p5/2p5/8

External links:

Wiehagen, Rolf

Die Schwalbe, 2011

2nd HM

Example: Indian
h#4.5  (4+11)

1...Bh1 2.Qc7 e4 3.Kc6 e5+ 4.Rd5 Se4 5.Rd7 Sd6#

Indian (double substitution, wwbw)

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FEN: 3r4/qB5b/1p1k4/2p2p2/6p1/pp4Np/4P3/K7

External links:

Minx, Thomas

4th tourner for beginners, Die Schwalbe, 1998

3rd Prize

Example: Indian
h#5  (3+5)

1.Bg2 Bf3 2.Bf1 e4 3.Kc6 Ke7 4.Bb5 e5+ 5.d5 exd6 e.p.#

Indian (substitution, wwb) + En passant capture.

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FEN: B4K2/3p4/1pb5/1kp5/8/8/4P3/8

External links: