To allow the opposing king a flight, a line-piece moves across a critical square so that a second unit can temporarily occupy that square and thereby create a shut-off (subsequently moving away from the critical square).
Substitution Indian. Similar to the standard Indian maneuver, but after the king utilizes the interference, an additional piece enters the line. This allows the first interfering piece to withdraw while the interference remains in effect. This replacement is referred to as normal, conventional, or standard substitution. Later in the sequence, the new interfering piece departs, opening the line (= Substitution Indian), or the long-range piece that initially performed the critical move captures the new interfering piece (= Substitution Maslar).
Capture Indian. Similar to the standard Indian maneuver, but after the interference is utilized, the first interfering piece is captured by another piece. The line is then opened either by the withdrawal of this new piece (= Capture Indian) or by the long-range piece capturing the new interfering piece (= Capture Maslar). The Capture Indian can also be interpreted as a Substitution Indian with "quick" substitution (entering and leaving the line in a single move!).
The term Substitution Indian introduced by Rolf Wiehagen (Germany, *1947) in 2007 (see "Der vierte Stein” in Die Schwalbe 224, April 2007, p. 106). The definition comes from Eckart Kummer (Germany, *1969), who further explored the theme in his article "Hilfsmatterei (4)" in Die Schwalbe 253, February 2012, p. 399.
See also: Critical move; Maslar theme; Cheney-Loyd theme.
Alias: Helpmate Indian theme.
Loyd, Samuel
The Chess Monthly, 1860 (v)
1.Kf6
Ra8
2.Kg7
Bb8
3.Kh8
Be5#
Ebert, Hilmar
Maslar, Zdravko
diagrammes, 1980
Spec. Prize
1.Ke7
Be1
2.Kd6
Kd2
3.Kc5
Bd1
4.Kb4
Kc2+
5.Ka4
Kb2#
Laurent, Marcel
Waldstein, Néandre
Themes-64, 1970
1.Rh4
Bg2
2.Sf4
f3
3.Kd5
Kb4
4.Se6+
f4#
Wikstrom, Elof
Tidskrift för Schack, 1964
1.Qa1
Bh8
2.Qe5
Se8
3.Kd4
Sg7
4.Qd5
Se6#
Paliulionis, Viktoras
Maroc Echecs, 2019
1st Prize
1...Bd4
2.Kc4
Bh8+
3.Kd5
Kg7
4.f5
Rd4+
5.Ke5
Kf7#
1.Kc2
Re8
2.Kd3
Be7
3.Ke4
Bf8+
4.Kf5
Re5+
5.Kf6
Bg7#
Meinking, Dan
Wiehagen, Rolf
F. Abdurahmanovic-60 JT, StrateGems, 2000
2nd Prize
1...Re2
2.Kc4
Rxa2+
3.Kb3
Rf2
4.Bb1
Be2
5.Ka2
Bc4#
1...Be2
2.Ke4
Bxg4+
3.Kf4
Bd1
4.g5
Re2
5.Kg4
Re4#
Rehm, Hans Peter
Schach-Echo, 1988
1st Prize
1.Bh5
Kc1
2.Kg4
Kd1
3.Kh4+
Ke1
4.Bd1
Kf2
5.Se2
Kf3
6.Sg3+
Kf4
7.Bh5
hxg3#
Abdurahmanović, Fadil
Ellinghoven, Bernd
idee & form, 2000
2nd Prize
1.Ba2
Sb3
2.Kf8
Kxe6
3.e1=R+
Kf6
4.Re8
Sc5
5.Bg8
Sd7#
Paliulionis, Viktoras
Die Schwalbe, 1988
Comm.
1.Ba8
Bb7
2.Rh2
Kd7
3.g3
Bc8
4.Kg2
Ke6
5.Kh3
Kf5
6.Bg2
Kg5#
Koludrovic, Branko
The Problemist, 1986
1st Prize
1.Bg3
Be7
2.Kf4
Kb8
3.Bh3
Kc7
4.Kg4+
Kd7
5.g5
Ke6
6.Kh4+
Kf6
7.g4
Kg6#
Takács, Péter
Ébersz, Kornél
Magyar Sakkvilág, 1934
1st Prize
1.Kd7
Bb1
2.Ke6
Rc2
3.Kf5
Rc3+
4.Kg4
Bd3
5.Kh3
Bf5#
Paliulionis, Viktoras
harmonie-aktiv, 2013
1st HM
1...Bc2
2.d5
Bg6
3.Re7
Be8
4.Re1
Kc7
5.Kf3
Kd6
6.Ke2
Ke5
7.Kd1+
Kd4
8.Qe2
Kc3
9.d4+
Kb3
10.d3
Ba4
11.d2
Kb2#
Abdurahmanović, Fadil
Ellinghoven, Bernd
The Problemist, 2000
3rd Comm.
1...Bh4
2.Bh2
g3
3.Kc7
Kf4
4.Bxg3+
Kg5
5.Kd8
Kf6
6.Bc7
Kf7#
Abdurahmanović, Fadil
Ellinghoven, Bernd
Orbit, 2000
1st Prize
1...Ba3
2.Sf6
Bc1
3.Rdd8
Bg5
4.Kd6
Kd4
5.Ke7+
Ke5
6.Rd7
Bxf6#
Parrinello, Mario
1st FIDE World Cup, 2010
1st Prize
1.Bf6
Bxc5
2.Be5
Bf8
3.Bd6
Kxg7
4.Kb4
Kf6
5.Be7+
Kxe7
6.Kc5
Kd7#
Wiehagen, Rolf
Die Schwalbe, 2011
2nd HM
1...Bh1
2.Qc7
e4
3.Kc6
e5+
4.Rd5
Se4
5.Rd7
Sd6#
Minx, Thomas
4th tourner for beginners, Die Schwalbe, 1998
3rd Prize
1.Bg2
Bf3
2.Bf1
e4
3.Kc6
Ke7
4.Bb5
e5+
5.d5
exd6 e.p.#